UX Research · Generative

How strangers become a community online

A generative, multi-method study of how people form genuine relationships in online communities — using diary studies, interviews, and arts-based analysis to surface the emotional signal traditional coding misses.

My role
Researcher (solo)
Timeline
2023–24 · Purdue
Org
PhD research
Methods
Diary studies, interviews, digital ethnography, poetic + comic analysis
The problem

Online communities struggle to create real connection and retention. One community — the BTS fandom 'ARMY' — does it exceptionally well. Understanding why is directly useful to any social or AI product trying to build belonging.

Research question

How do members form strong interpersonal bonds online, and what role do shared emotional experiences and self-disclosure play?

Outcome

Surfaced the emotional mechanics of belonging that standard thematic coding flattened — and produced findings communicable beyond a report, to non-research stakeholders.

The product-relevant question underneath

Belonging, self-disclosure, and bond formation are exactly what engagement and retention teams care about. I studied a community that excels at them, treating it as a model system for what makes people open up and stay.

I gathered data from digital observation of the r/bangtan community, in-depth interviews, and diary studies (Jamboard/Miro), transcribed and managed in Dovetail — then did something deliberate at the analysis stage.

Research judgment

Why I went beyond standard coding

Method I chose

Traditional inductive/deductive coding, then arts-based analysis (poetic + comic-based)

Line-by-line in-vivo coding captured what people said but lost the felt experience that drives bonding. Poetic analysis preserved emotional texture; comic-based analysis turned a participant's arc into a narrative non-researchers could feel — extending reach beyond an academic paper.

Constraints I balanced: I anchored the creative methods to the research questions with a deductive pass first, so exploration stayed rigorous rather than decorative — and protected participant privacy by showcasing only pilot/sample data.

Alternatives I considered
Thematic coding alone
Why not: Reliable but emotionally flat; it under-represented the very experience — resonance, catharsis — that explained the bonds.
Pure quantitative engagement metrics
Why not: Could show that people engage, never the lived 'why' behind disclosure and connection.
Survey of fans
Why not: Self-report at distance; misses the in-context, longitudinal signal a diary study captures.
What we learned

What we learned

01
Shared emotional resonance was the on-ramp to disclosure
Evidence: Members described socio-critical lyrics triggering personal realizations they then shared — emotion preceded and enabled self-disclosure.
02
Bonds formed through reciprocal vulnerability
Evidence: In diary and interview data, relationships deepened when a disclosure was met with a matching one — a recognizable bonding loop, not random interaction.
03
Method shape changed what was visible
Evidence: The comic-based arc (a member moving from loneliness → shared discovery → mutual support) made a pattern legible that coded excerpts had buried.
Impact over activity

Why it matters for product work

  • Range, demonstrated: generative, longitudinal, multi-method research plus communication craft.
  • Transferable model of belonging for social/AI products: emotion → disclosure → reciprocal bond.
  • Shows I match method to the nature of the question, not a default playbook.
  • Proves I can make qualitative insight land for non-researchers — a core influence skill.
If I did it again

Reflection & self-critique

What I'd change: Poetic analysis was new to me and I second-guessed how much to condense — I'd timebox the creative passes and pair them with a member-check to validate interpretation.

What I'd keep: Anchoring arts-based methods to the research questions with a deductive pass. It's what kept the creativity accountable.

Open question: Which of these bonding mechanics transfer to communities without a shared emotional artifact like music?